Sunday 9 November 2014

GRAPHIC DESIGN(history of graphic design)

HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN

15,000 - 10,000 BC:The first known communication,with pictograph and symbols in the lascaux in 
                              Southern France.

3600 BC:The Blau monument,the olders artifact known to combine words and pictures.

105 AD:Chinese government official Tsiai  Lun or Cai Lun credited with inventing paper.

1045 AD:Pi Sheng invents movable type,allowing for characters to be individually placed for                            printing. 

1276:printing arrived in Europe with a paper mill in Fabriano,Italy

1450:Johann Gensfleisch zum gutenburg credited with perfecting the system for printing types in 
        book.

1460:Albrecht Pfister the first to add illustration to a printed book.

1470:Nicolas Jenson,considered one of history's greatest typeface designers,sets news standard for             Roman type.

1530:Claude Garamond opens first type foundry,developing and selling fonts to printers.

1722:First Caslon old style fonts developed.

1760:Industrial revolution begins,setting the stage for advances in graphic design production.

1796:Author Aloy Senefelder develops lithography.

1800:Lord Stanhope invents first printing press made of all cast-iron parts,requiring 1/10 the manual           labor and doubling the possible paper size.

1816:First sans-serif font makes a subtle entrance as one line of a book.

1860:arts and crafts movement-John Ruskin,William Morris,Gustav Stickley.

1861:Williams Morris,who became a highly influential figure in design history,sets up art-decorating         firm.

1880:Development of halftone screen allows for first photo printed with a full range of tones.

1890:Art Nouveau movement begins and changes design,making its way into all types of commercial           design and utilizing all types of arts.

1901:Franks Lloyd Wright-'the Art and Craft of the Machine';basic principles af modern industrial             design;future designers create prototypes for machine production.

1910 : AEG (German general Electri). This is the beginning of  'corporate image'.

1916 : Dada Movement. George Grosz, Hannah Hoch, Kurt Schwitters, Marx, Ernts, Marcel                        Duchamp, Andre Breton, Hans Arp.

1917 : The Art movement called De Stijl, Dutch for 'The Style' was on the rise.

1919 : The Bauhaus, a German school, is founded, eventually providing the framework formodern                 design.

1919 : Constructivism movement originated in Russia, El Lissitzky, Alexander Rodchenko, Vladimir           Taltin, Naum Gabo.

1932 : Stanley Morison oversees design of Times New Roman font, commissioned by the Times of               London.

1947 : Swiss design: Armin Hofmann, Emil Ruder.

1950 : The New York School: Paul Rand, Alexey Brodovich, Henry Wolf, Herb Lubalin, George                 Lois.

1956 : Paul Rand designs IBM logo using City Medium typeface.

1957 : Max Miedinger designs Neue Haas Grotesk font, later renamed Helvetica.

1960 : Pop Art; Pentagram Design: Colin Forbes, Theo Crosby; Scandinavian Designer: Alvar Aalto.

1961 : Italian Designer: Ettore Sottsass, Memphis group Movement.

1968 : Post-Modernism: Wolfgang Weigart, Steff Geissbuhler, Odermatt & Tissi.

1969
: Douglas Engelbart develops first computer mouse, setting the stage for the future tool of                    graphic design.

1970 : Corporate graphics: Olivetti, CBS, CIBA, Chase, Mobil.

1979 : New Wave: April Greiman, Kenneth Hiebert, Paula Scher.

1984 : Apple releases first Macintosh computer, featuring bitmap graphics.

1985 : Aldus, formed by Paul Brainerd, develops PageMaker software. Brainerd coins the phrase                 Desktop Publishing.

1990
 : Photoshop version one is released.

1990 : Physicist Tim Berners-Lee develops the world wide web, along with HTML and the concept of            website addresses.



















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